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Charged EVs | T&E study finds recycling battery metals could supply up to a quarter of Europe’s EVs by 2030
Materials salvaged from used batteries and waste from gigafactories could contribute significantly to electric vehicle (EV) production in Europe, according to a recent analysis by the environmental organization Transport & Environment (T&E). The findings suggest that by the end of the decade, these resources could help manufacture up to 2.4 million EVs, reducing the continent’s dependence on imported raw materials.
The research indicates that recycling spent battery cells and production scraps can fulfill a substantial portion of Europe’s future demand for essential battery components. By 2030, this method could provide approximately 14% of the necessary lithium, 16% of nickel, 17% of manganese, and 25% of cobalt. Furthermore, Europe has the potential to attain near self-sufficiency in cobalt supply for EVs by 2040.
Utilizing recycled materials could alleviate the need for primary ore mining, thereby preventing the establishment of 12 new mines worldwide, which includes four for lithium, three for nickel, four for cobalt, and one for manganese. This shift to recycling could also mitigate potential environmental harms associated with mining, such as negative impacts on water quality, soil degradation, and biodiversity loss.
In addition to reducing extraction and importation of raw materials, lithium recycling in Europe could lower its carbon footprint by about 19% compared to methods involving extraction in Australia and refining in China. This is largely attributed to Europe’s comparatively cleaner electricity sources.
Despite the promising potential, the region faces hurdles in scaling up its recycling industry effectively. T&E emphasizes that both the EU and the UK must promptly engage in recycling initiatives, as nearly half of the announced recycling capacity is currently either paused or uncertain.
To fully realize the economic and ecological advantages of battery recycling, T&E advocates for dedicated support within the EU’s upcoming Circular Economy Act. This policy should facilitate the development of local recycling facilities while also prohibiting the export of battery waste and streamlining the logistics of transporting end-of-life battery materials within Europe.
Julia Poliscanova, Senior Director at T&E, remarked, “If Europe delivers on its recycling plans, it can significantly reduce its reliance on imported critical metals. The anticipated recovery volumes of locally sourced materials can enable the construction of millions of clean electric vehicles in our region.” However, she cautioned that the EU and the UK are not currently positioned to take full advantage of the recycling opportunity. Factors such as high energy costs, lack of technical expertise, and insufficient financial backing pose significant challenges.
To advance toward a sustainable and self-sufficient EV market, prioritizing battery recycling as an integral part of clean technology policies is essential. With strategic focus and investment, Europe can reshape its future in electric vehicle production while simultaneously protecting its environment.
Source: Transport & Environment
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